Work to Understand the Principles. You can pass a history class by simply memorizing a set of dates, names and events. You will find, however, that in order to pass a math class you will need to do more than just memorize a set of formulas. While there is certainly a fair amount of memorization of formulas in a math class you need to do more.Jun 6, 2018 · Complex Numbers Primer. Before I get started on this let me first make it clear that this document is not intended to teach you everything there is to know about complex numbers. That is a subject that can (and does) take a whole course to cover. The purpose of this document is to give you a brief overview of complex numbers, notation ... Math 123 - Shields. Homework Problems. Week 8. • Paul's Online Math Notes. – Power Series All Problems. • Drexel Calc Problems.This is called logarithmic differentiation. It’s easiest to see how this works in an example. Example 1 Differentiate the function. y = x5 (1−10x)√x2 +2 y = x 5 ( 1 − 10 x) x 2 + 2. Show Solution. So, as the first example has shown we can use logarithmic differentiation to avoid using the product rule and/or quotient rule.Paul Wahlberg is a chef, actor and brother of actor Mark and actor/musician Donnie Wahlberg. He stars in the reality TV show on A&E entitled “Wahlburgers,” which documents the fami...Calculus Made Easy: Being A Very-Simplest Introduction to Those Beautiful Methods of Reckoning which are Generally Called by the Terrifying Names of the ...Proof of Integral Test. First, for the sake of the proof we’ll be working with the series ∞ ∑ n=1an ∑ n = 1 ∞ a n. The original test statement was for a series that started at a general n =k n = k and while the proof can be done for that it will be easier if we assume that the series starts at n =1 n = 1.This can be written in several ways. Here are a couple of the more standard notations. lim x→a y→b f (x,y) lim (x,y)→(a,b)f (x,y) lim x → a y → b f ( x, y) lim ( x, y) → ( a, b) f ( x, y) We will use the second notation more often than not in this course. The second notation is also a little more helpful in illustrating what we are ...Nov 13, 2023 · Show Solution. We can also use the above formulas to convert equations from one coordinate system to the other. Example 2 Convert each of the following into an equation in the given coordinate system. Convert 2x−5x3 = 1 +xy 2 x − 5 x 3 = 1 + x y into polar coordinates. Convert r =−8cosθ r = − 8 cos. . y(t0) = y0 y′(t0) = y′ 0 y ( t 0) = y 0 y ′ ( t 0) = y 0 ′. With boundary value problems we will have a differential equation and we will specify the function and/or derivatives at different points, which we’ll call boundary values. For second order differential equations, which will be looking at pretty much exclusively here, any of ...Chapter 15 : Multiple Integrals. In Calculus I we moved on to the subject of integrals once we had finished the discussion of derivatives. The same is true in this course. Now that we have finished our discussion of derivatives of functions of more than one variable we need to move on to integrals of functions of two or three variables.Section 4.1 : Rates of Change. The purpose of this section is to remind us of one of the more important applications of derivatives. That is the fact that f ′(x) f ′ ( x) represents the rate of change of f (x) f ( x). This is an application that we repeatedly saw in the previous chapter. Almost every section in the previous chapter ..."Here are a set of assignment problems for the Calculus II notes. Please note that these problems do not have any solutions available. These are intended mostly for …Nov 16, 2022 · A geometric series is any series that can be written in the form, ∞ ∑ n = 1arn − 1. or, with an index shift the geometric series will often be written as, ∞ ∑ n = 0arn. These are identical series and will have identical values, provided they converge of course. If we start with the first form it can be shown that the partial sums are ... Feb 6, 2023 · N (y) dy dx = M (x) (1) (1) N ( y) d y d x = M ( x) Note that in order for a differential equation to be separable all the y y 's in the differential equation must be multiplied by the derivative and all the x x 's in the differential equation must be on the other side of the equal sign. To solve this differential equation we first integrate ... Nov 16, 2022 · This method is often called the method of disks or the method of rings. Let’s do an example. Example 1 Determine the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y = x2 −4x+5 y = x 2 − 4 x + 5, x = 1 x = 1, x = 4 x = 4, and the x x -axis about the x x -axis. Show Solution. In the above example the object was a solid ... First, the standard form of a quadratic equation is. ax2 +bx +c = 0 a ≠ 0 a x 2 + b x + c = 0 a ≠ 0. The only requirement here is that we have an x2 x 2 in the equation. We guarantee that this term will be present in the equation by requiring a ≠ 0 a ≠ 0. Note however, that it is okay if b b and/or c c are zero.In this chapter we introduce Derivatives. We cover the standard derivatives formulas including the product rule, quotient rule and chain rule as well as derivatives of …So, L’Hospital’s Rule tells us that if we have an indeterminate form 0/0 or ∞/∞ ∞ / ∞ all we need to do is differentiate the numerator and differentiate the denominator and then take the limit. Before proceeding with examples let me address the spelling of “L’Hospital”. The more modern spelling is “L’Hôpital”.Back to Problem List. 4. Eliminate the parameter for the following set of parametric equations, sketch the graph of the parametric curve and give any limits that might exist on x x and y y. x = 3sin(t) y =−4cos(t) 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π x = 3 sin ( t) y = − 4 cos ( t) 0 ≤ t ≤ 2 π. Show All Steps Hide All Steps.Because the binormal vector is defined to be the cross product of the unit tangent and unit normal vector we then know that the binormal vector is orthogonal to both the tangent vector and the normal vector. Example 3 Find the normal and binormal vectors for →r (t) = t,3sint,3cost r → ( t) = t, 3 sin t, 3 cos t . Show Solution. In this ...Jun 6, 2018 · In this chapter we introduce Separation of Variables one of the basic solution techniques for solving partial differential equations. Included are partial derivations for the Heat Equation and Wave Equation. In addition, we give solutions to examples for the heat equation, the wave equation and Laplace’s equation. Nov 16, 2022 · Due to the nature of the mathematics on this site it is best views in landscape mode. If your device is not in landscape mode many of the equations will run off the side of your device (should be able to scroll to see them) and some of the menu items will be cut off due to the narrow screen width. These cheat sheets and notes are famous helpful tools for learning calculation, derivations, and various other topics. All of them are easily accessible online for all and cover topics like Algebra, Calculus, pattern, measurement, trigonometry, advanced, etc. Pauls online math notes offer a good insight into popular mathematics topics. Also, these cheat sheets …100% yes, Paul's Online Notes saved my ass in university. While all of the professors I had for calculus were brilliant mathematicians, all but one were actually good …Paul has prepared these cheat sheets and notes for teaching Mathematics at Lamar University but they are equally helpful for online learning. These cheat sheets and …Definite Integral. Given a function f (x) f ( x) that is continuous on the interval [a,b] [ a, b] we divide the interval into n n subintervals of equal width, Δx Δ x, and from each interval choose a point, x∗ i x i ∗. Then the definite integral of f (x) f ( x) from a a to b b is. The definite integral is defined to be exactly the limit ...In this section we will introduce two problems that we will see time and again in this course : Rate of Change of a function and Tangent Lines to functions. Both of these problems will be used to introduce the concept of limits, although we won't formally give the definition or notation until the next section.In this section we will give a quick review of trig functions. We will cover the basic notation, relationship between the trig functions, the right triangle definition of the trig functions. We will also cover evaluation of trig functions as well as the unit circle (one of the most important ideas from a trig class!) and how it can be used to evaluate trig …Paul Wahlberg is a chef, actor and brother of actor Mark and actor/musician Donnie Wahlberg. He stars in the reality TV show on A&E entitled “Wahlburgers,” which documents the fami...Here is a set of notes used by Paul Dawkins to teach his Differential Equations course at Lamar University. Included are most of the standard topics in 1st …Green’s Theorem. Let C C be a positively oriented, piecewise smooth, simple, closed curve and let D D be the region enclosed by the curve. If P P and Q Q have continuous first order partial derivatives on D D then, ∫ C P dx +Qdy =∬ D ( ∂Q ∂x − ∂P ∂y) dA ∫ C P d x + Q d y = ∬ D ( ∂ Q ∂ x − ∂ P ∂ y) d A. Before ...To determine a condition that must be true in order for a Taylor series to exist for a function let’s first define the nth degree Taylor polynomial of f(x) as, Tn(x) = n ∑ i = 0f ( i) (a) i! (x − a)i. Note that this really is a polynomial of degree at most n.Oct 9, 2023 · Learn Algebra, Trig, Calculus, Differential Equations and more with free online notes and tutorials from Pauls Online Math Notes. The notes are written for students who have had prior exposure to the basics of each subject and cover topics from preliminaries to Laplace transforms. You can also download cheat sheets, tables, practice problems and assignment problems for each class. Find the best master's in math education online degrees with our list of top rated online programs. Updated October 3, 2022 thebestschools.org is an advertising-supported site. Fea...100% yes, Paul's Online Notes saved my ass in university. While all of the professors I had for calculus were brilliant mathematicians, all but one were actually good …This method is often called the method of disks or the method of rings. Let’s do an example. Example 1 Determine the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y = x2 −4x+5 y = x 2 − 4 x + 5, x = 1 x = 1, x = 4 x = 4, and the x x -axis about the x x -axis. Show Solution. In the above example the object was a solid ...Recall that the ratio test will not tell us anything about the convergence of these series. In both of these examples we will first verify that we get L = 1 and then use other tests to determine the convergence. Example 5 Determine if the following series is convergent or divergent. ∞ ∑ n = 0 (− 1)n n2 + 1.This method is often called the method of disks or the method of rings. Let’s do an example. Example 1 Determine the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y = x2 −4x+5 y = x 2 − 4 x + 5, x = 1 x = 1, x = 4 x = 4, and the x x -axis about the x x -axis. Show Solution. In the above example the object was a solid ...Jun 5, 2014 ... ... anyone, ... Math Math Knowledge Map. ... Chain rule with triple composition; Chain Rule - Pauls Online Math Notes Paul's Online Math Notes : ...Mathematics degrees span a variety of subjects, including biology, statistics, and mathematics. An education degree prepares students for careers Updated May 23, 2023 • 6 min read ...The center of mass or centroid of a region is the point in which the region will be perfectly balanced horizontally if suspended from that point. So, let’s suppose that the plate is the region bounded by the two curves f (x) f ( x) and g(x) g ( x) on the interval [a,b] [ a, b]. So, we want to find the center of mass of the region below.Section 4.3 : Minimum and Maximum Values. Many of our applications in this chapter will revolve around minimum and maximum values of a function. While we can all visualize the minimum and maximum values of a function we want to be a little more specific in our work here. In particular, we want to differentiate between two types …Nov 16, 2022 · Section 2.4 : Bernoulli Differential Equations. In this section we are going to take a look at differential equations in the form, y′ +p(x)y = q(x)yn y ′ + p ( x) y = q ( x) y n. where p(x) p ( x) and q(x) q ( x) are continuous functions on the interval we’re working on and n n is a real number. Differential equations in this form are ... Nov 16, 2022 · Divergence Theorem. Let E E be a simple solid region and S S is the boundary surface of E E with positive orientation. Let →F F → be a vector field whose components have continuous first order partial derivatives. Then, ∬ S →F ⋅ d→S = ∭ E div →F dV ∬ S F → ⋅ d S → = ∭ E div F → d V. Let’s see an example of how to ... Jun 26, 2023 · Here is a set of notes used by Paul Dawkins to teach his Differential Equations course at Lamar University. Included are most of the standard topics in 1st and 2nd order differential equations, Laplace transforms, systems of differential eqauations, series solutions as well as a brief introduction to boundary value problems, Fourier series and partial differntial equations. In this chapter we will look at solving first order differential equations. The most general first order differential equation can be written as, dy dt = f (y,t) (1) (1) d y d t = f ( y, t) As we will see in this chapter there is no general formula for the solution to (1) (1). What we will do instead is look at several special cases and see how ...In this section we look at integrals that involve trig functions. In particular we concentrate integrating products of sines and cosines as well as products of secants and tangents. We will also briefly look at how to modify the work for products of these trig functions for some quotients of trig functions.In order to use synthetic division we must be dividing a polynomial by a linear term in the form x−r x − r. If we aren’t then it won’t work. Let’s redo the previous problem with synthetic division to see how it works. Example 2 Use synthetic division to divide 5x3 −x2+6 5 x 3 − x 2 + 6 by x −4 x − 4 . Show Solution.Paul's Online Math Notes. Paul's Online notes are a collection of short course notes, examples, and problem sets designed to assist first-year college students or advanced …Jun 5, 2014 ... ... anyone, ... Math Math Knowledge Map. ... Chain rule with triple composition; Chain Rule - Pauls Online Math Notes Paul's Online Math Notes : ...Systems of differential equations can be converted to matrix form and this is the form that we usually use in solving systems. Example 3 Convert the following system to matrix form. x′ 1 =4x1 +7x2 x′ 2 =−2x1−5x2 x ′ 1 = 4 x 1 + 7 x 2 x ′ 2 = − 2 x 1 − 5 x 2. Show Solution. Example 4 Convert the systems from Examples 1 and 2 into ...Green’s Theorem. Let C C be a positively oriented, piecewise smooth, simple, closed curve and let D D be the region enclosed by the curve. If P P and Q Q have continuous first order partial derivatives on D D then, ∫ C P dx +Qdy =∬ D ( ∂Q ∂x − ∂P ∂y) dA ∫ C P d x + Q d y = ∬ D ( ∂ Q ∂ x − ∂ P ∂ y) d A. Before ...Nov 5, 2020 · The Calculus II notes/tutorial assume that you've got a working knowledge Calculus I, including Limits, Derivatives, and Integration (up to basic substitution). It is also assumed that you have a fairly good knowledge of Trig. Several topics rely heavily on trig and knowledge of trig functions. Oct 9, 2023 · Pauls Online Math Notes. Home. Welcome to my online math tutorials and notes. The intent of this site is to provide a complete set of free online (and downloadable) notes and/or tutorials for classes that I teach at Lamar University. I've tried to write the notes/tutorials in such a way that they should be accessible to anyone wanting to learn ... Paul's Online Notes Home / Calculus III / 3-Dimensional Space / Equations of Lines. Prev. Section. Notes Practice Problems Assignment Problems. ... Due to the nature of the mathematics on this site it is best views in landscape mode. If your device is not in landscape mode many of the equations will run off the side of your device (should …Here are my online notes for my Linear Algebra course that I teach here at Lamar University. Despite the fact that these are my “class notes”, they should be accessible to anyone wanting to learn Linear Algebra or needing a refresher. These notes do assume that the reader has a good working knowledge of basic Algebra. This setNov 16, 2022 · In implicit differentiation this means that every time we are differentiating a term with y y in it the inside function is the y y and we will need to add a y′ y ′ onto the term since that will be the derivative of the inside function. Let’s see a couple of examples. Example 5 Find y′ y ′ for each of the following. We can also give a strict mathematical/formula definition for absolute value. It is, |p| = {p if p ≥ 0 −p if p < 0 | p | = { p if p ≥ 0 − p if p < 0. This tells us to look at the sign of p p and if it’s positive we just drop the absolute value bar. If p p is negative we drop the absolute value bars and then put in a negative in front ...Nov 16, 2022 · Section 2.4 : Bernoulli Differential Equations. In this section we are going to take a look at differential equations in the form, y′ +p(x)y = q(x)yn y ′ + p ( x) y = q ( x) y n. where p(x) p ( x) and q(x) q ( x) are continuous functions on the interval we’re working on and n n is a real number. Differential equations in this form are ... Lesson Readings · Double Integrals (Paul's Online MathNotes) · Iterated Integrals (Paul's Online Math Notes · Double Integrals Over Rectangular Regions...These cheat sheets and notes are famous helpful tools for learning calculation, derivations, and various other topics. All of them are easily accessible online for all and cover topics like Algebra, Calculus, pattern, measurement, trigonometry, advanced, etc. Pauls online math notes offer a good insight into popular mathematics topics. Also, these cheat sheets …Nov 16, 2022 · Method 1 : Use the method used in Finding Absolute Extrema. This is the method used in the first example above. Recall that in order to use this method the interval of possible values of the independent variable in the function we are optimizing, let’s call it I I, must have finite endpoints. Also, the function we’re optimizing (once it’s ... Nov 16, 2022 · Table Notes. This list is not a complete listing of Laplace transforms and only contains some of the more commonly used Laplace transforms and formulas. Recall the definition of hyperbolic functions. cosh(t) = et +e−t 2 sinh(t) = et−e−t 2 cosh. . ( t) = e t + e − t 2 sinh. . ( t) = e t − e − t 2. Be careful when using ... When disaster strikes, whether it’s a fire, flood, or mold infestation, it can leave homeowners feeling overwhelmed and unsure of where to turn. That’s where Paul Davis Restoration...Aug 30, 2018 · Here is a set of notes used by Paul Dawkins to teach his Algebra course at Lamar University. Included area a review of exponents, radicals, polynomials as well as indepth discussions of solving equations (linear, quadratic, absolute value, exponential, logarithm) and inqualities (polynomial, rational, absolute value), functions (definition, notation, evaluation, inverse functions) graphing ... Nov 16, 2022 · Systems of differential equations can be converted to matrix form and this is the form that we usually use in solving systems. Example 3 Convert the following system to matrix form. x′ 1 =4x1 +7x2 x′ 2 =−2x1−5x2 x ′ 1 = 4 x 1 + 7 x 2 x ′ 2 = − 2 x 1 − 5 x 2. Show Solution. Example 4 Convert the systems from Examples 1 and 2 into ... In this section we will do a partial derivation of the heat equation that can be solved to give the temperature in a one dimensional bar of length L. In addition, we give several possible boundary conditions that can be used in this situation. We also define the Laplacian in this section and give a version of the heat equation for two or three …The Calculus II notes/tutorial assume that you've got a working knowledge Calculus I, including Limits, Derivatives, and Integration (up to basic substitution). It is also assumed that you have a fairly good knowledge of Trig. Several topics rely heavily on trig and knowledge of trig functions.What the Mean Value Theorem tells us is that these two slopes must be equal or in other words the secant line connecting A A and B B and the tangent line at x =c x = c must be parallel. We can see this in the following sketch. Let’s now take a look at a couple of examples using the Mean Value Theorem.Nov 16, 2022 · Divergence Theorem. Let E E be a simple solid region and S S is the boundary surface of E E with positive orientation. Let →F F → be a vector field whose components have continuous first order partial derivatives. Then, ∬ S →F ⋅ d→S = ∭ E div →F dV ∬ S F → ⋅ d S → = ∭ E div F → d V. Let’s see an example of how to ... Nov 16, 2022 · Section 15.1 : Double Integrals. Before starting on double integrals let’s do a quick review of the definition of definite integrals for functions of single variables. First, when working with the integral, ∫ b a f (x) dx ∫ a b f ( x) d x. we think of x x ’s as coming from the interval a ≤ x ≤ b a ≤ x ≤ b. For these integrals we ... Jul 11, 2023 · Here is a set of notes used by Paul Dawkins to teach his Calculus II course at Lamar University. Topics covered are Integration Techniques (Integration by Parts, Trig Substitutions, Partial Fractions, Improper Integrals), Applications (Arc Length, Surface Area, Center of Mass and Probability), Parametric Curves (inclulding various applications), Sequences, Series (Integral Test, Comparison ... Nov 16, 2022 · a ∫e2t + sec(2t)tan(2t)dt Show Solution. b ∫sin(t)(4cos3(t) + 6cos2(t) − 8)dt Show Solution. c ∫xcos(x2 + 1) + x x2 + 1 dx Show Solution. So, as we’ve seen in the previous set of examples sometimes we can use the same substitution more than once in an integral and doing so will simplify the work. Example 2 Evaluate each of the ... Mathematics degrees span a variety of subjects, including biology, statistics, and mathematics. An education degree prepares students for careers Updated May 23, 2023 • 6 min read ...To simplify the differential equation let’s divide out the mass, m m. dv dt = g− γv m (1) (1) d v d t = g − γ v m. This then is a first order linear differential equation that, when solved, will give the velocity, v v (in m/s), of a falling object of mass m m that has both gravity and air resistance acting upon it.Highly recommend every part of this website, including the tips, the study guides, the notes and the practice problems. 100% yes, Paul's Online Notes saved my ass in university. While all of the professors I had for calculus were brilliant mathematicians, all but one were actually good at teaching (in a way that made sense to me that is).In this section we look at integrals that involve trig functions. In particular we concentrate integrating products of sines and cosines as well as products of secants and tangents. We will also briefly look at how to modify the work for products of these trig functions for some quotients of trig functions.Now that we’ve seen a couple of vector fields let’s notice that we’ve already seen a vector field function. In the second chapter we looked at the gradient vector. Recall that given a function f (x,y,z) f ( x, y, z) the gradient vector is defined by, ∇f = f x,f y,f z ∇ f = f x, f y, f z . This is a vector field and is often called a ...Calculus II. Here are my online notes for my Calculus II course that I teach here at Lamar University. Despite the fact that these are my “class notes”, they should …N (y) dy dx = M (x) (1) (1) N ( y) d y d x = M ( x) Note that in order for a differential equation to be separable all the y y 's in the differential equation must be multiplied by the derivative and all the x x 's in the differential equation must be on the other side of the equal sign. To solve this differential equation we first integrate ...This is called logarithmic differentiation. It’s easiest to see how this works in an example. Example 1 Differentiate the function. y = x5 (1−10x)√x2 +2 y = x 5 ( 1 − 10 x) x 2 + 2. Show Solution. So, as the first example has shown we can use logarithmic differentiation to avoid using the product rule and/or quotient rule.Mar 18, 2019 · Repeated Roots – In this section we discuss the solution to homogeneous, linear, second order differential equations, ay′′ +by′ +cy = 0 a y ″ + b y ′ + c y = 0, in which the roots of the characteristic polynomial, ar2 +br+c = 0 a r 2 + b r + c = 0, are repeated, i.e. double, roots. We will use reduction of order to derive the second ... Let’s work a couple of examples now. Find a general solution to the following differential equation. \ [2y'' + 18y = 6\tan \left ( {3t} \right)\] First, since the formula for variation of parameters requires a coefficient of a one in front of the second derivative let’s take care of that before we forget.Jul 11, 2023 · Here is a set of notes used by Paul Dawkins to teach his Calculus II course at Lamar University. Topics covered are Integration Techniques (Integration by Parts, Trig Substitutions, Partial Fractions, Improper Integrals), Applications (Arc Length, Surface Area, Center of Mass and Probability), Parametric Curves (inclulding various applications), Sequences, Series (Integral Test, Comparison ...
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In this chapter we introduce Derivatives. We cover the standard derivatives formulas including the product rule, quotient rule and chain rule as well as derivatives of …Highly recommend every part of this website, including the tips, the study guides, the notes and the practice problems. 100% yes, Paul's Online Notes saved my ass in university. While all of the professors I had for calculus were brilliant mathematicians, all but one were actually good at teaching (in a way that made sense to me that is).Recall that the ratio test will not tell us anything about the convergence of these series. In both of these examples we will first verify that we get L = 1 and then use other tests to determine the convergence. Example 5 Determine if the following series is convergent or divergent. ∞ ∑ n = 0 (− 1)n n2 + 1.Nov 16, 2022 ... In this chapter proofs of many of the facts/properties/theorems given through out the material are given. Also included are a brief review ...In this section we will look at integrals with infinite intervals of integration and integrals with discontinuous integrands in this section. Collectively, they are called improper integrals and as we will see they may or may not have a finite (i.e. not infinite) value. Determining if they have finite values will, in fact, be one of the major ...St. Vincent de Paul Charity is a renowned organization that has been providing assistance to those in need for over 180 years. One of the primary focuses of St. Vincent de Paul Cha...Nov 16, 2022 · This can be written in several ways. Here are a couple of the more standard notations. lim x→a y→b f (x,y) lim (x,y)→(a,b)f (x,y) lim x → a y → b f ( x, y) lim ( x, y) → ( a, b) f ( x, y) We will use the second notation more often than not in this course. The second notation is also a little more helpful in illustrating what we are ... To determine a condition that must be true in order for a Taylor series to exist for a function let’s first define the nth degree Taylor polynomial of f(x) as, Tn(x) = n ∑ i = 0f ( i) (a) i! (x − a)i. Note that this really is a polynomial of degree at most n.Nov 16, 2022 · Let’s take a look at an example to help us understand just what it means for a function to be continuous. Example 1 Given the graph of f (x) f ( x), shown below, determine if f (x) f ( x) is continuous at x =−2 x = − 2, x =0 x = 0, and x = 3 x = 3 . From this example we can get a quick “working” definition of continuity. Aug 22, 2012 ... 3.5M views · 21:58 · Go to channel · Understand Calculus in 10 Minutes. TabletClass Math•7.5M views · 1:16:01 · Go to channel &m...Highly recommend every part of this website, including the tips, the study guides, the notes and the practice problems. 100% yes, Paul's Online Notes saved my ass in university. While all of the professors I had for calculus were brilliant mathematicians, all but one were actually good at teaching (in a way that made sense to me that is).Section 4.1 : Rates of Change. The purpose of this section is to remind us of one of the more important applications of derivatives. That is the fact that f ′(x) f ′ ( x) represents the rate of change of f (x) f ( x). This is an application that we repeatedly saw in the previous chapter. Almost every section in the previous chapter ...We will break up the interval [a,b] [ a, b] into n n subintervals of width, Δx = b−a n Δ x = b − a n. Then on each subinterval we will approximate the function with a straight line that is equal to the function values at either endpoint of the interval. Here is a sketch of this case for n = 6 n = 6. Each of these objects is a trapezoid ...2.2 Triple Integrals in Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinates. In this lesson, you will learn to evaluate triple integrals in cylindrical and spherical coordiates. Set up and evaluate ….