Stellaris purging - Playing Authoritarian is better with Stratified Standards because you don't get Egalitarian attraction from it and Xenophobes are better off Purging for the same reason. Due to how borked Ethics Attraction is right now, if you get the faction early enough, it's NEVER going away and will only keep growing, especially if your ruler becomes head of it.

 
No purging/displacement as that ends suffering grab any tech that increases pop growth and leader life span to maximize suffering and never prohibit growth You are allowed to neglect Consumer goods, amenities and food and go into the negatives but do not allow it go over board as you want to create a scarcity not a full blown famine.. Dosa shops near me

Playing Authoritarian is better with Stratified Standards because you don't get Egalitarian attraction from it and Xenophobes are better off Purging for the same reason. Due to how borked Ethics Attraction is right now, if you get the faction early enough, it's NEVER going away and will only keep growing, especially if your ruler becomes head of it.Originally posted by galadon3: Population controls active maybe? No, I have found out why: apparently if you switch from undesirable (purging) to livestock the pops wont grow, you have to switch from livestock to cattle and then livestock again. #2. galadon3 Jul 25, 2019 @ 6:48am. sounds buggy. #3. Mr. Wiggles Jul 25, 2019 @ 9:08am.Title. I've never done any purges except genocidal purges, so I have no experience with them. This time I am playing a more peaceful and diplomatic oriented star nation, so I would like to know how severe of a penalty displacement and other purge types affect relations. If anyone has a way to rid an empire of unwanted pops outside purging …Nov 1, 2020 · This page was last edited on 1 November 2020, at 15:25. Content is available under Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 unless otherwise noted.; About Stellaris Wiki; Mobile view If you want to stop their production, then just disable, or demolish, or replace the factory that makes them. Would make sense if robots, and droids wouldn't create any crime, and would have reduced upkeep with unemployment, but Paradox doesn't like logic. Synths with true AI are different since they want to "live".Aug 27, 2023 · As a determined exterminator, take Mechromancy, purge organic pops, and then observe re-purging the zombified pops. From the attached save file, wait for the ground invasion to finish and then watch the Population (jobs and species) tab on Menok I to observe the creation and subsequent purging of zombified Cevelli pops. Upload Attachment All pops were being purged, all pops. I landed assault armies and used stability edicts and it resolved without rebellion. I haven't seen any game text that would make me think assault armies would make a difference but they did. This was about 100 armies. You could also try making the pops happier but in my case of purging, that was not possible.One of the best ways for dealing with mass unemployment is to build commercial zones. Each commercial zone can be upgraded into a megaplex that will give 11 jobs for your population. Another option for late game is to dump excess population into ringworlds, habitats, or ecumenopolis worlds. #7.View Profile View Posts. Feb 19, 2022 @ 12:08pm. Robots Start Purging, Can't Make it Stop. My robots started to purge all of a sudden and I can't find a way to make it stop. They are set to servitude. In fact I can't set them to anything else in the Species rights tab. < >. Showing 1 - 10 of 10 comments.Go to the planet with the pre-sapients, go to demographics and click on the "declining" field. It will let you select the species that should be purged/hunted. You might have to reset it after each pop purged, but usually it's just 3 anyway. #7. Showing 1 - 7 of 7 comments.The Insider Trading Activity of Mitra Shankh on Markets Insider. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksJun 29, 2019 · Elitewrecker PT Jun 29, 2019 @ 6:31am. By going to the species rights panel and setting that species as undesirables, you can then select a purge type. #3. Delta Jun 29, 2019 @ 6:36am. Go into the species tab, choose a species and set there rights,change the rights to undesireable and choose a way of removing them. #4. Danny Jun 29, 2019 @ 7:59am. Stellaris Wiki. Active Wikis. Age of Wonders 4Empire of SinCities: Skylines 2Crusader Kings 3Europa Universalis 4Hearts of Iron 4Hunter: The ReckoningImperator: RomePrison ArchitectStellarisSurviving MarsSurviving the AftermathVampire: The MasqueradeVictoria 3. Legacy Wikis.Remember you can usually only displace them unless you playing xenophobe or hive minds. But as xenophobe, all purging options are free to choose. I highly recomend eating them. Awesome thank you so much! I'll probably go the eating route if I …r/Stellaris. • 3 yr. ago. Itsokidoki. Xenophobe and purge help :) Question. Just looking for some tips on how I should be leading as a xenophobic empire. How often should I be …I can't stop purging and I don't this mean in a memey way, the game insists on not stopping purging. So I colonized a planet and got Abandoned Terraforming project, and when the mutated horrors spawned, they killed my militias quickly and started purging my 2 pops and the 3 pre-sentients I have on the planet.Then you can use edicts to improve things (like Thought Enforcement for Psionic empires). If that isn't enough, you can also put the difficult pops (if it's one race you recently conquered) on Chemical Bliss. They'll be unproductive, but happy, until you can improve conditions. And the last thing: purge. If there's too many, you have …Stellaris. Pre-FTL taking over entire system including planets when they become star-faring. Thread starter fredriktomte; Start date May 25, 2023; ... I just invade them and necro purge them, problem solved . Reply. Report. Lorenerd11 Field Marshal. 17 Badges. Mar 25, 2020 2.704 8.294. May 28, 2023;I can't stop purging and I don't this mean in a memey way, the game insists on not stopping purging. So I colonized a planet and got Abandoned Terraforming project, and when the mutated horrors spawned, they killed my militias quickly and started purging my 2 pops and the 3 pre-sentients I have on the planet.Thus, purging pops on 10 planets is 10x as fast as purging the same amount of pops on one planet. And, the pops still produce the same amount of resources no matter how long it takes for them to be purged. So, you …Stellaris Wiki Active Wikis. Age of Wonders 4 Empire of Sin Cities: Skylines 2 Crusader Kings 3 Europa Universalis 4 Hearts of Iron 4 Hunter: The Reckoning Imperator: Rome Prison Architect Stellaris Surviving Mars Surviving the Aftermath Vampire: The Masquerade Victoria 3. Legacy Wikis.I disabled Purging and unpaused for a minute, but they stayed listed as Undesirable. It looked like they were still being Purged, but I didn't let it run long enough to find out. I think I'll just start a new game and revisit this after some updates. Militaristic Xenophobe was a mistake for a first game anyway. Thanks for the help!Apr 30, 2017 · Since Hive Minded is a green trait, I believe you the Evolution Mastery perk, which allows you to remove green traits and add red traits, allowing you to totally rewrite the species. I know that Hive Minds have the option to ADD the Hive Minded trait, not so sure about other empires being able to remove it. #7. Can you purge robots? Title. I have some robot species from a neighboring empires and I'd rather not have 5 different robot species with 7 pops each, so I want …I disabled Purging and unpaused for a minute, but they stayed listed as Undesirable. It looked like they were still being Purged, but I didn't let it run long enough to find out. I think I'll just start a new game and revisit this after some updates. Militaristic Xenophobe was a mistake for a first game anyway. Thanks for the help!May 13, 2016 · Land your glorious armies and wipe them out. Click on the Gov't screen (F1 key) and see if you have the purge policy available. If you can not purge them... then no you can not use purge. If the civilization is considered proto age civilization then it is possible to colonize the planet with the aliens. I can think of 3 reasons to purge from a usefulness perspective: You're a purifier. Or purging is the only option (hive pops in a psionic empire for instance) You're a necrophage. Turning poorly optimized subspecies into your main species at 75% efficiency isn't terrible if you don't care about diplo. If you want to purge an entire species, you'll want to go to the species tab from the left-hand drop-down menu, select the species you want to purge, go into …Go to the pop tab for that planet and see if there's a portrait in the Declining spot, and expand the jobs list to see how many purging pops are listed. If there are neither of these, double check you have that species set to purge in Species Rights and purge allowed under Policies. flamingtominohead.Stellaris is supposed to allow the simulation of both utopia and dystopia societies, so genocidal actions should still be allowed to allow for the dystopian RP - but (outside of a temporary benefit with forced labor purging to tie into the slavery system and more dystopia) there should be no extra factors to try to incentivize others to engage in …AI purging itself... So I playing as a xenophobic isolationist, and I decided to declare a ideology war on one of my neighbors. This neighbor had a migration treaty with another empire. I eventually conquered all his land then did a status quo (He was in a defensive pact with another empire and I was too lazy to conquer his land as well) So it ...Purging comes in two flavors: displacement or extermination. Recommended Read: How to Increase Naval Capacity in Stellaris. This guide will teach you everything …What I want to do is either 1. Keep the planets I've conquered them after purging the alien races or 2. (preferably) Get rid of the xenos and replace them with my own pops. The only way I know how is laborious, I have to remove 2 pops, one on the planetary administration and another to stop a new pop from growing …Purging in Stellaris would be using fantastical SciFi tech to extract net utility; chemical processing is self explanatory, and forced labor could be NOT a net drain with the correct implants. ... Still, losing pops is losing pops. Vanilla Stellaris does not make certain pops dangerous to possess in my opinion; I know EU4's "attack … Devouring swarm is best for having the most planets. You can quite easily get upwards of 5 monthly pop growth and they can get a lot of outposts as well. They have access to really powerful edicts that cost food instead of influence. Although, in my opinion they have the weakest war bonuses (still strong though) Purging though is still good and has it's convieniences. If you have a few full pop planets, just let them migrate over there. The planet will fill up quick and the ones they come from will fill back up quick. you can also do "selective breeding" purges if you can be bothered to micromanage it. leave the pops alone for a …Needham analyst N. Quinn Bolton saw a slowdown in demand across most end markets coupled with several quarters of inventory purge is likely t... Needham analyst N. Quinn Bolto... Help Needed: Purges outlawed, don't know how to exterminate the xenos. Advice Wanted. Alrighty so I'm playing a solo ironman 'suffer not the xenos' run and I need to be purging the aliens I have set as non-citizens. I've left the galactic community, I'm my own empire with subjugated vassals, and I have purges in my policies set to 'Displacement ... Short answer: no, as a determined exterminator, the other empires will already see you as an existential threat, so purging has no effect. Long answer: sometimes.Twitch - https://www.twitch.tv/oldmanmordaith Sometimes you just gotta get rid of a Xeno. Let us go over the ways how! Title Card Overlay by Witch_Streamer -...Mainly RP. Since I got my new Laptop stellaris runs so much smoother so I no longer find myself just Annihilating world's to reduce lag. There's literally no mechanical reason to purge pops unless your empire type forces you to. The bonuses from purging are far outweighed by giving them full citizenship and …Dec 11, 2018 · If you want to purge specific pops, you'll want to open your planet management screen, swap to the population tab, find the pop you want to purge, and hit the purge button. That will purge this specific pop using the fastest available means (IIRC, it's the "Extermination" purge type). If you want to purge an entire species, you'll want to go to ... Only xenophobic Necrophages can devour entire species wholesale (in the form of Necrophage purging) to reproduce. Non-xenophobic Necrophages are limited to using the slower, ritualized form of reproduction provided by the Chamber of Elevation and House of Apotheosis buildings. This is by design. I think it would be a problem if non …Stellaris. Purging through orbital bombardment. Thread starter Duke Alexander; Start date May 10, 2016; Jump to latest Follow Reply Menu We have updated our ... Ofcourse purging is faster and easier,but when you don´t have that option you can try this atleast with pre-FTL species.May 9, 2016 · The aliens will be systematically eliminateed over the course of about a year... and afterward you kind of slump down and question your life choices. You have to be either Communist or Xenophobic to Purge. Communists allow you to Purge everything, I think, while Xenophobes only allow you to Purge alien species. Stellaris Wiki. Active Wikis. Age of Wonders 4Empire of SinCities: Skylines 2Crusader Kings 3Europa Universalis 4Hearts of Iron 4Hunter: The ReckoningImperator: RomePrison ArchitectStellarisSurviving MarsSurviving the AftermathVampire: The MasqueradeVictoria 3. Legacy Wikis.Purging [edit | edit source] Pops that have the Undesirables stratum due to being purged produce resources as they decline based on the purge type. All purge types also produce +2 unity with the Fanatic Purifiers civic and +2 society with the Devouring Swarm civic; Determined Exterminator empires receive 5~100 unity …Stock market indices are used as a general gauge of how the stock market as a whole is doing. For example if your portfolio is down and you see that the stock market indices are do...In the wake of recent news stories about voter purging and an increased focus on civic participation, it makes sense to want to search your name in voter lists online to ensure you...Land warfare. Wars are not decided only in space. In order to capture enemy worlds, entire armies are needed, along with the preparation and battlefield awareness to properly use them. However, worlds may only be invaded if …Jan 2, 2019 · The food/minerals/unity harvest from purging all those xeno pops is wonderful but I noticed that on each planet, I more or less immediately get two ruler pops and then a bunch of specialist pops taking over the vacated planetary administration and other building jobs, and this TOTALLY tanks my economy. I'm sure most people know this already, but I thought there might be some people who don't know this yet like I did. There is a new purge option called Necrophage, which turns the affected species into your primary species rapidly. Yes, it's only available to Necrophages of course. Seems like somebody put wrong information on the Stellaris …Twitch - https://www.twitch.tv/oldmanmordaith Sometimes you just gotta get rid of a Xeno. Let us go over the ways how! Title Card Overlay by Witch_Streamer -...Nov 1, 2020 · This page was last edited on 1 November 2020, at 15:25. Content is available under Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 unless otherwise noted.; About Stellaris Wiki; Mobile view Mar 15, 2023 · this infuriates me to the point i start having to spit more and my blood pressure has gone back up. i always set default rights to undesirable so i can keep xenos out of my empire unless i'm playing a xenophile RP, but i don't go full lethal purge unless i'm playing xenophobic RP. i like having the option of letting one or two species in my empire, like if i form a federation. Can't purge. So havent bought any of the DLC for Stellaris since I am poor af but I've noticed that with the new 1.5 update I cant seem to manually purge undesirables and xenos from my planets. Ive tried setting the rights tabs to undesirables and no food at all for some races but nothing happens and the pop remains only to either …Anyone else have a tough time purging pops? I genuinely feel bad knowing I’m massacring millions of people . I think of that one scene in the marvel movies when thanos is massacring half the planet but then I’m doing worse killing everyone and the children. Does anyone else feel regret when they purging those pops?Damn organics. Always resisting! Have 1 world, fill it with sentinel posts (it fixes stability). Move ALL purging pops to that world. It will kill 1 pop every 5-6 months, but that one world will produce thousands of energy and research as the pops are slowly processed to death.Stellaris > Guides > Heimdall313's Guides . 53 ratings. A Quick Guide to Necrophage. By Heimdall313. You could uplift the primitive neighbors ooorrrrr you could, you know, eat them. ... " If you Necrophage-purge pops on an undesirable climate (Ocean again as an example), this will create a new Necrophage …Add bookmark. #1. So we know that fanatic purifiers will automatically purge all xenos within their borders, but what purge type should be chosen. For reference (I've removed displacement since it isn't allowed by the civic) Extermination:The species is systemically killed off by any means available. This …From what I have seen from the Blorg stream purging planets might not make a lot of sense though (gameplay wise). There is a good chance your primary species can't even inhabit their worlds. 2; Reactions: ... -Oscot, on Stellaris planets. 1; Reactions: Reply. Report. Beric Colonel. 29 Badges. Sep 18, 2009 1.133 2.687. Apr 27, 2016 ..."Nice little tip video on how to vassalize other empires into your own and how it works, as well as purging pops after integration if you want.Twitter http...In order to Purge a Population in Stellaris, all you need to do is select the Planet > click on ‘Surface’ > Select the species and click on ‘Set Rights’ > Go to the …[2.8.1][dfce] Selective Purging (or as it's now known, Forced Decline) is still barely functioning Game Version Butler v2.8.1 (dfce) What version do you use? Steam What expansions do you have installed? Synthetic Dawn, Utopia, Leviathans Story Pack, Apocalypse, Megacorp, Distant Stars, Ancient Relics, Lithoids, Federations Do you have …Stellaris. Question about purging. So, if i purge by exterminating i got a huge malus to my diplomatic status with other races (-1000 with +1 per year, lol). On the other hand, if i purge by displacing i got no malus at all, no one seems to care. What about the other kinds of purging, did they carry any malus?Purge. Purge policy determines an empire's position on the forced removal of species that are no longer wanted. This policy option only dictates which degree of purging is allowed; further details on which …The Bubbles Memorial Foundation’s purpose is to preserve the memory of Bubbles and use its resources to fund memorials, festivals and other activities in Bubbles’ honour. We even named our own Titan after them, to honour Bubbles’ strong sense of duty to the republic. Reply reply. Sadlobster1. •. I don't want to cull the lot, yet, I want to slowly phase them out. Archived post. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. Set your purge type to "displacement only" and then set the species you want gone to "undesirables". This gets rid of pops slowly and doesn't stop them from producing. This page was last edited on 10 May 2016, at 22:25. Content is available under Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 unless otherwise noted.; About Stellaris Wiki; Mobile viewPurging in Stellaris would be using fantastical SciFi tech to extract net utility; chemical processing is self explanatory, and forced labor could be NOT a net drain with the correct implants. ... Still, losing pops is losing pops. Vanilla Stellaris does not make certain pops dangerous to possess in my opinion; I know EU4's "attack …Playing Authoritarian is better with Stratified Standards because you don't get Egalitarian attraction from it and Xenophobes are better off Purging for the same reason. Due to how borked Ethics Attraction is right now, if you get the faction early enough, it's NEVER going away and will only keep growing, especially if your ruler becomes head of it.A car’s purge valve is a mechanism that directs the vapors emitted by the engine fuel from the fuel tank to the intake manifold. The purge valve also stores the fuel vapors for fut...How do i get rid of this "set rights" option? Any mod that lets me purge a single pop in my empire and not the whole species? Wheres the old purging system???Get ratings and reviews for the top 6 home warranty companies in Roselle, IL. Helping you find the best home warranty companies for the job. Expert Advice On Improving Your Home Al...Stellaris. Pre-FTL taking over entire system including planets when they become star-faring. Thread starter fredriktomte; Start date May 25, 2023; ... I just invade them and necro purge them, problem solved . Reply. Report. Lorenerd11 Field Marshal. 17 Badges. Mar 25, 2020 2.704 8.294. May 28, 2023;Empires that were able to Purge via Displacement before the 3.7 patch are no longer able to do so. Even if Purging via Displacement is selected in the Policies tab no species are able to be set to Undesirables in the Species Rights tab. It says that the purging of non-robots is not possible. Steps to reproduce the issue.How do i get rid of this "set rights" option? Any mod that lets me purge a single pop in my empire and not the whole species? Wheres the old purging system??? If you want them gone quick then do extermination, if you want some resources out of it do Forced labor or if you want to get rid of them without diplomatic consequences use neutering or displacement. Also consider enslaving them instead of purging. UristImiknorris 1 yr. ago. Throw them all onto a border world and release it as a vassal. necrophage purge is the best. I would agree.. However, DONT ever embrace a faction which are not suppose to be able to do anyways as far as I know. however, it lets you do it and seems to induce a bug where suddenly you have access to diplomacy. Migration treaties are now possible which are hilarious.. As a determined exterminator everyone will hate you regardless of what you do. Everyone exept machine empires ofcourse. It's impossible for them to hate you more. Purging is literally what you do. If you're worried about other people's reaction to your purging, you're playing the wrong kind of empire. Go to the planet with the pre-sapients, go to demographics and click on the "declining" field. It will let you select the species that should be purged/hunted. You might have to reset it after each pop purged, but usually it's just 3 anyway. #7. Showing 1 - 7 of 7 comments.r/Stellaris • I lost 4 games in a row, my 3rd game was the only good one until a one planet rebelled against me. Now I don’t know what I’m doing wrong and everyone seems to have superior fire power against me, I did the tutorial but that only helps so much…New research shows a link between a chemical used in some soaps, toothpastes and antibacterial products, and osteoporosis. Try our Symptom Checker Got any other symptoms? Try our S...Stellaris: Bug Reports. Stellaris - Outlawed robots not purged and not able to work. Thread starter Elbub Sram; Start date Apr 7, 2020; Jump to latest Follow ... so they're enslaved under chattel slavery). So, I can't purge those aberrations ! But that's not the only part of the problem : they can't work as slaves …

In the wake of recent news stories about voter purging and an increased focus on civic participation, it makes sense to want to search your name in voter lists online to ensure you.... Imthegirlnextdoor10 reddit

stellaris purging

How do i get rid of this "set rights" option? Any mod that lets me purge a single pop in my empire and not the whole species? Wheres the old purging system???The Bubbles Memorial Foundation’s purpose is to preserve the memory of Bubbles and use its resources to fund memorials, festivals and other activities in Bubbles’ honour. We even named our own Titan after them, to honour Bubbles’ strong sense of duty to the republic. Reply reply. Sadlobster1. •.max20077. •. Displacement just needs to kick them out over time. Its annoying having the same species on displacement for 30 years and you'd much rather rid of them then …It is purging social media of rumours. A decade after disparaging videos surfaced alleging that one of its most popular snack brands contained plastic, PepsiCo India is fighting ba...View Profile View Posts. Feb 19, 2022 @ 12:08pm. Robots Start Purging, Can't Make it Stop. My robots started to purge all of a sudden and I can't find a way to make it stop. They are set to servitude. In fact I can't set them to anything else in the Species rights tab. < >. Showing 1 - 10 of 10 comments.I don't want to cull the lot, yet, I want to slowly phase them out. Archived post. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. Set your purge type to "displacement only" and then set the species you want gone to "undesirables". This gets rid of pops slowly and doesn't stop them from producing.Stellaris Wiki Active Wikis. Age of Wonders 4 Empire of Sin Cities: Skylines 2 Crusader Kings 3 Europa Universalis 4 Hearts of Iron 4 Hunter: The Reckoning Imperator: Rome Prison Architect Stellaris Surviving Mars Surviving the Aftermath Vampire: The Masquerade Victoria 3. Legacy Wikis.There is no such thing as purging a galactic race by asking them to please leave your planet. They'll look at you and be like: "Yeaaah... sure. We're looking for a planet to move to, we just haven't found any yet.", even though that fanatical Purifier only half a galaxy away clearly has acquired some planets that …Stellaris Wiki Active Wikis. Age of Wonders 4 Empire of Sin Cities: Skylines 2 Crusader Kings 3 Europa Universalis 4 Hearts of Iron 4 Hunter: The Reckoning Imperator: Rome Prison Architect Stellaris Surviving Mars Surviving the Aftermath Vampire: The Masquerade Victoria 3. Legacy Wikis.Do you want to work remotely? It could be a good idea for both you and your employer. Learn how to ask your boss to let you work from home. Despite its increasing popularity in the...Remember you can usually only displace them unless you playing xenophobe or hive minds. But as xenophobe, all purging options are free to choose. I highly recomend eating them. Awesome thank you so much! I'll probably go the eating route if I …Dekron. We have dismissed that claim. Don't underestimate people's ability to ignore that which isn't a direct threat to them. After watching two empires, including the founders of a 6-man Hegemony, get destroyed by them, I doubt anyone would conclude that they weren't a direct threat anymore.Strongholds aren't quite as good, but not awful. Its 300 minerals for just -30 unrest, and its usefulness diminishes after the purge is completed. But as an example, I've got a planet with 6 pops being processed, and only producing 19 food due to unrest. Building that would increase food output to 42 food a month, or …We have the list of stores that give cash back on check, debit, and credit card purchases at checkout -- plus, those that don't. Many stores, including 7-Eleven, Circle K, Albertso...Add bookmark. #1. So we know that fanatic purifiers will automatically purge all xenos within their borders, but what purge type should be chosen. For reference (I've removed displacement since it isn't allowed by the civic) Extermination:The species is systemically killed off by any means available. This …VDOM DHTML YPE html>. Purging. : r/Stellaris. Open menu Open navigationGo to Reddit Home. Log InLog in to Reddit. Expand user menu Open settings menu. Log In / Sign Up. Shop Collectible Avatars. reReddit: Top posts of June 26, 2016. reReddit: Top posts of June 2016.Purging is not the only solution but it is probably the easiest to mod or add. Another solution would be to decouple the bio-trophy and the machine pop growth rates so one would not affect the other. While I agree Rogue Servitors should not have access to the normal purge methods there, IMO, should be some way …Happened to me once. I think I was purging too much Hahn'Felir slimy things because they took my planet once and dismantled my robots, and I got really upset, so I went full exterminator on them and like purged every single one of these disgusting creatures from the face of the galaxy. The community didn't like that for some reason.this infuriates me to the point i start having to spit more and my blood pressure has gone back up. i always set default rights to undesirable so i can keep xenos out of my empire unless i'm playing a xenophile RP, but i don't go full lethal purge unless i'm playing xenophobic RP. i like having the option of letting one or ….

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