Calories for food - Apr 20, 2023 · One calorie (kcal) equals 4.18 kJ or 4,184 joules (J). To convert from calories to kJ, multiple calories by 4.18. Conversely, to convert from kJ to calories, divide kJ by 4.18. For example, a ...

 
Food labels give you information about the calories, number of servings, and nutrient content of packaged foods. Reading the labels can help you make healthy choices when you shop .... Billy idol eyes without a face

Oct 31, 2018 · For instance, with 718 calories per 100 grams, macadamias offer more calories per gram than almost any other whole food . Most of this fat comes from oleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid also found in olive oil. Aside from their fat content, macadamia nuts offer a good source of magnesium, copper, manganese, and vitamin B1. A small green apple has approximately 52 calories, while a large green apple can have up to 116 calories. Because of the nutritional value of green apples eaten with the skin, thes...Sep 27, 2023 · 2,000 calories a day is used as a general guide for nutrition advice, but your calorie needs may be higher or lower depending on your age, sex, height, weight, and physical activity level. Eating ... Diet-busting foods work against you if you are watching your weight. These foods may taste good, but are low in nutrition and high in calories. Many of these foods leave you feelin...What's In Food. Use these resources to learn about nutrients in the foods you eat. Find information on carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and more. Enter a food name, a brand name or a UPC code to view nutrition facts and analysis. Examples: avocados, onions, salami, bread, apples, tomatoes, 071464017187. Top Foods by Calories ... Nutrition labels presented on this site is for illustration purposes only. Food images may show a similar or a related product and are not meant to be used for ...Calorie, Fat & Carbohydrate Counter The most accurate resource for calorie, fat and carbohydrate counts. Take it everywhere; look up foods before you eat, when eating choices count the most! See our books …Salmon Nutrition Facts. Salmon provides 121 calories, 17g of protein, 5.4g of fat (including beneficial omega-3 fatty acids and the healthful polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats), and 37.4mg of sodium. There is no fiber, sugars, or carbohydrates in salmon. The following nutrition information is provided by the USDA for 3 ounces (85g) …Why Nutrition Is Important for a 1,200 Calorie Diet . A 1,200-calorie meal plan may be appropriate for you if you want to lose weight. This meal plan may help you achieve that through a combination …A Better Food Diary Experience. Our food database is curated by trained staff to avoid the errors, missing nutrition data, and duplicates that plague other food diary services. Simple tools. Powerful feedback. Take the guesswork out of weight loss. Record your food and exercise, and we'll crunch the numbers for you. Each YAZIO calorie chart shows the macronutrients – fat, carbohydrates, and protein – within food. Those are the three main parts that contain energy, and your body needs all of them to function. There’s room for all of these macronutrients in your diet; just be sure that they are healthy varieties, such as fish oil instead of french fries. Food Serving Calories Serving Calories; BBQ Chicken Pizza. 100 g. 237 cal: 1 piece (135 g) 320 cal: BBQ Pizza. 100 g. 242 cal: 1 portion (153 g) 370 cal: Bianca Pizza ... Nuts and seeds contain polyunsaturated fats that add healthy calories to your diet. Brazil nuts, almonds, walnuts, pecans, cashews, sunflower seeds , flax seeds, and pumpkin seeds are all good for you. Eat roasted nuts and seeds by the handful or sprinkled chopped nuts on top of ice cream, yogurt, or salads.If you’ve heard about the importance of tracking calories but you aren’t 100 percent sure of why it matters, you aren’t alone. Use this guide to discovering exactly what calories a...The Dog Food Calculator below can help you estimate the proper serving size for your pet. It’s based upon a study published by the respected Waltham Centre for Pet Nutriton in Leicestershire, England. 1 To use the calculator, you’ll need to know your dog’s ideal weight.This is what you believe your pet should weigh.. You’ll also need to know the …A 7- or 8-inch banana. 20 peanuts. 3 cups low-fat popcorn. Two regular chocolate-sandwich cookies. 1/2 cup low-fat ice cream. One scrambled large egg cooked with oil. 2 ounces baked chicken breast with no skin. These choices all have about 100 calories but provide different amounts of nutrients.Food Serving Calories Serving Calories; Alligator. 100 g. 97 cal: 1 piece (113 g) 110 cal: Antelope Meat. 100 g. 114 cal: 1 slice, large (340 g) 388 cal: Bacon Rashers. 100 g. 371 cal: 1 portion (45 g) 167 cal: Bacon, cooked. 100 g. 158 cal: 1 slice (6.3 g) 10 cal: Bear Meat. 100 g. ... The calorie content of pork is highly dependent on the amount of fat. Keep in mind …Calculate calorie deficit for weight loss - the number of calories you need to reduce your daily intake by in order to achieve a certain weight loss. Weight loss calorie calculator: calculate calories to lose weight or increase in exercise intensity and frequency to reduce body weight. ... The British Journal of Nutrition 97(6):1059-63; DOI: …Nutrition Calculator. Find McDonald’s calories, carb and nutrition info rmation on your favorite products using the nutrition calculator. 0 Calories (0 % DV ) 0 Total Fat (0 % DV ) 0 Total Carbs (0 % DV ) 0 Protein (0 % DV ) * Percent Daily Values (DV) are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.1. Your cat’s ribs, backbone, and pelvic bones are very easy to see and feel. Their belly is dramatically tucked and, when viewed from above, their waistline looks dramatic. They have lost muscle mass. 2. When you pet your cat, it’s easy to feel their ribs, backbone, and pelvic bones. These bones are also somewhat easy to see.Calculate calorie deficit for weight loss - the number of calories you need to reduce your daily intake by in order to achieve a certain weight loss. Weight loss calorie calculator: calculate calories to lose weight or increase in exercise intensity and frequency to reduce body weight. ... The British Journal of Nutrition 97(6):1059-63; DOI: …How many calories are in the foods you eat? You'll find thousands of foods and their calorie values in the calorie charts on calories.info.Chicken Caesar Bowl Salad: This salad contains 136 calories; it is generally made by adding roasted chicken breast, shredded Parmesan-style cheese, and caesar dressing to romaine lettuce. Egg Salad Bowl: This salad variety contains 236 calories; it usually calls for mayonnaise and yellow mustard. Hamburger: A burger contains 280 calories. Chicken Caesar Bowl Salad: This salad contains 136 calories; it is generally made by adding roasted chicken breast, shredded Parmesan-style cheese, and caesar dressing to romaine lettuce. Egg Salad Bowl: This salad variety contains 236 calories; it usually calls for mayonnaise and yellow mustard. Hamburger: A burger contains 280 calories. DOWNLOAD LINK – Calories in Indian Food Chart pdf table. 1. Calorie counts of popular Indian dishes – vegetarian. Vegetarian Indian dishes are packed with flavor and provide a healthy and nutritious option. However, it is important to keep an eye on the calorie count to ensure that you are maintaining a balanced diet.Your required calorie intake depends on many different factors like your sex, weight, age, size, height, activity level and overall health. However, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans suggests that men should take in 2000 to 3000 calories per day, while women need 1600 to 2400 calories every day.View this page to change filters and save or print your own food list. ... Vegetarian Foods Highest in Calories 200 results. Checkbox Number. Name. Calories. Data source. 1: Uncooked Oats (Oats (Includes Foods For Usda's Food Distribution Program)) 1 cup 607 (30% DV) Standard Release (Common) 2: Buckwheat (Uncooked) (Buckwheat ...According to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the total …A Calorie Counter lets you to search the USDA nutrition database and view the full nutritional content of any food you can think of... for free! But it's so much more than an awesome nutritional search engine. A Calorie Counter is a complete diet tracker and food journal tool that will help you quickly and easily count calories, protein, carbs ...1 ounce 70% dark chocolate. Macronutrients: 302 calories, 3 grams protein, 49 grams carbohydrates, 12 grams fat. Daily Totals: 1,940 calories, 117 grams protein, 258 grams carbohydrates, 55 grams fat. Note that beverages are not included in this meal plan.Nutrition Facts. Hard-boiled eggs are loaded with nutrients, protein and healthy fats. One large hard-boiled egg (50 grams) provides ( 1 ): Calories: 77. Carbs: 0.6 grams. Total fat: 5.3 grams ...A 7- or 8-inch banana. 20 peanuts. 3 cups low-fat popcorn. Two regular chocolate-sandwich cookies. 1/2 cup low-fat ice cream. One scrambled large egg cooked with oil. 2 ounces baked chicken breast with no skin. These choices all have about 100 calories but provide different amounts of nutrients.Fat: 20%. Fiber: 3.8%. Adirondack 30% Protein High-Fat Recipe is a top-quality diet whose high-calorie formulation is a great help for dogs that need to gain weight. A diet that is exceptionally flavorful, Adirondack packs a powerhouse punch of protein with its inclusion of chicken meal in its formulation.Healthy foods that are high in calories include avocados (322 calories each), quinoa (222 calories per cup), nuts (828 calories per cup of peanuts), olive oil (119 calories per tablespoon), and ...Apr 14, 2023 · Aside from being high in water when fresh, potatoes are primarily composed of carbs and contain moderate amounts of protein and fiber — but almost no fat. The nutrients found in 2/3 cup (100 ... Fat, Cholesterol and Calorie Content of Some Common Foods ; Corn Flakes (20 gm), 0.4, 0 ; Oats (quick cooked) (25 gm), 1.9, 0 ; Barley (uncooked) (25 gm), 0.3, 0 ...The Dietary Guidelines for Americans ( Dietary Guidelines ), 2020 - 2025 provides advice on what to eat and drink to meet nutrient needs, promote health, and prevent disease. The U.S. Departments of Agriculture (USDA) and Health and Human Services (HHS) work together to update and release the Dietary Guidelines for …A 4-ounce broiled sirloin steak is a great source of protein—about 33 grams worth. But it also delivers about 5 grams of saturated fat. A 4-ounce ham steak with 22 grams of protein has only 1.6 grams of saturated fat, but it’s loaded with 1,500 milligrams worth of sodium. 4 ounces of grilled sockeye salmon has about 30 grams of protein ...A 4-ounce broiled sirloin steak is a great source of protein—about 33 grams worth. But it also delivers about 5 grams of saturated fat. A 4-ounce ham steak with 22 grams of protein has only 1.6 grams of saturated fat, but it’s loaded with 1,500 milligrams worth of sodium. 4 ounces of grilled sockeye salmon has about 30 grams of protein ...He also found that alcohol has 7 calories per gram. "Let's say you have a food that contains 10 grams [0.35 ounces] of protein (10 x 4 = 40) and 5 grams [0.2 ounces] of fat (5 x 9 = 45), then the ...21 Jan 2021 ... As a rule of thumb, if a food does not contain nutrients or if the calories from sugar and fats outweigh the nutrients found in the food, it's ...Food Serving Calories Serving Calories; Alligator. 100 g. 97 cal: 1 piece (113 g) 110 cal: Antelope Meat. 100 g. 114 cal: 1 slice, large (340 g) 388 cal: Bacon Rashers. 100 g. 371 cal: 1 portion (45 g) 167 cal: Bacon, cooked. 100 g. 158 cal: 1 slice (6.3 g) 10 cal: Bear Meat. 100 g. ... The calorie content of pork is highly dependent on the amount of fat. Keep in mind …Protein: 10–30% for people ages 4 to 18 years; 10–35% for people older than age 18 years. Fats: 20–35% for people ages 4 years and older. Carbohydrates: 45–65% for everyone. Despite these ...Feb 22, 2022 · The 6-piece serving of Mozzarella Sticks at Arby's has 650 calories, 35g fat, 14g saturated fat, 1g trans fat, 2,110mg sodium, 56g carbohydrates, 4g sugar, and 29g protein. The breaded coating and oil on top of gooey cheese really adds up. The marinara dipping sauce adds an additional 170mg of sodium and 3g of sugar. In order to determine the food offering with the highest calorie count on the …The calorie intake for women and daily calorie intake for men might differ slightly. Here are six useful tips to help you achieve your food intake target: Order ...Grilled chicken is easy, quick and healthy food. Grilling meat reduces the fat because it drips out while you cook. The calorie content is also lower than fried food, which helps y...The MyPlate Plan* shows your food group targets – what and how much to eat within your calorie allowance. Your food plan is personalized, based on your: Age. Sex. Height. Weight. Physical activity level. To get started, click on the "Start" button. You can also find out your MyPlate Plan in Spanish.Defining Low Calories. Low-calorie food is said to be low-energy dense. This means it has few calories in a large volume of food. For example, 100 g of celery has 14 kcal. Since you get a small number of calories in a large serving size, celery is considered a low-calorie food. Low-calorie food should have less than 100 kcal per 100 …Chicken and rice casseroles are a popular comfort food that can be enjoyed by the entire family. However, many traditional recipes can be high in calories and fat. If you’re lookin...Losing Weight. Even a modest weight loss, such as 5 to 10 percent of your total body weight, can produce health benefits. Physical Activity for a Healthy Weight. Physical activity can increase the number of calories your body uses for energy. Burning calories through physical activity, combined with reducing the number of calories you eat, can ... All you need to do is maintain a diet with high-quality food. Generally, a growing beagle puppy needs around 55 calories per pound (of his body weight). Adult beagles need approximately 45 calories per pound. Metabolism lowers down as the pooch ages, so a senior beagle requires around 42 calories per pound.Chicken and rice casseroles are a popular comfort food that can be enjoyed by the entire family. However, many traditional recipes can be high in calories and fat. If you’re lookin...This isn’t surprising: the high-fat diet approach can be problematic because fats provide 250% as much energy (calories) per gram as carbs or protein. This means you can over-eat on a keto diet, especially if you’re eating foods like bacon and avocado or consuming enough fibrous veggies.Calories in Food: Calorie Chart Database Fruits & Vegetables. Potatoes are very high in vitamin C, their skins are packed with fiber and, although they are... Milk & Dairy Products. Milk and dairy products generally contain a nice balance of fat, carbs and protein, but their... Meat. Primarily made ... A food diary to keep track of what you're eating. A large collection of healthy recipes for your diet. Nutrition info for all foods, brands and restaurants. An exercise diary to record all the calories you burn. A weight chart and journal to record your progress. Mobile apps for iPhone, iPad and Android.Calorie Calculator. Use the calorie calculator to estimate the number of daily calories your body needs to maintain your current weight. If you're pregnant or breast-feeding, are a competitive athlete, or have a metabolic disease, such as diabetes, the calorie calculator may overestimate or underestimate your actual calorie needs. Below is an Indian food calorie chart which gives an insight into what is high or low in calories and fat. These are typical values for one average serving of the dish. STARTER DISH. CALORIES. FAT. Cucumber Raita , 1tbsp. 20. 0.1g. Tomato Sambal, 1tbsp.Feb 25, 2022 · It’s important to realize that all the nutrient amounts shown on the label, including the number of calories, refer to the size of the serving. Pay attention to the serving size, especially how ... Some of the most popular breakfast foods are high in fat and calories. For example, eggs cooked in butter, sausage, bacon, a peanut butter smoothie, and even oatmeal with toppings can substantially boost your total energy intake—making it harder to lose weight. ... The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2013;97(4):677-688. …Feb 23, 2023 · Here are 33 foods that are very low in calories. Marie delle Donne/Offset Images. 1. Apples. Apples are highly nutritious and one of the most popular fruits in the United States ( 1 ). One cup ... Food Serving Calories Serving Calories; Abalone. 100 g. 209 cal: 1 piece (75 g) 157 cal: Anchovis. 100 g. 101 cal: 1 piece (16.6 g) 17 cal: Baked Mackerel . 100 g. 205 cal1. Your cat’s ribs, backbone, and pelvic bones are very easy to see and feel. Their belly is dramatically tucked and, when viewed from above, their waistline looks dramatic. They have lost muscle mass. 2. When you pet your cat, it’s easy to feel their ribs, backbone, and pelvic bones. These bones are also somewhat easy to see.Made up of carbs, fats and protein, the calorie content and nutritional value of pizza is highly dependent on the crust density and the toppings. Toppings such as cheese or fatty meats will add more calories, while vegetables can add valuable nutrients to each slice. ... Food Serving Calories Serving Calories; BBQ Chicken Pizza. 100 g. 237 cal: 1 piece (135 g) …Tax extra. 2,000 calories a day used for general nutrition advice, but calorie needs vary. Additional nutrition information available upon request. ⚠ WARNING : Certain foods and beverages sold or served here can expose you to chemicals including acrylamide in many fried or baked foods, and mercury in fish, which are known to the State of ... Hot sauce is a zero calorie food that you can eat in unlimited amounts without it affecting your weight loss. 6. Coffee and Tea. Calories per serving: 2 calories per cup. Outside of added creamer or milk, coffee and tea count as a zero-calorie food and something that many drink while fasting.15 Dec 2022 ... Male · Infant (under 12 months): 574-718kcal · Toddler (1-3 years): 765-1171kcal · School age child (5-12 years): 1482-2247kcal · Teenag...To learn how many calories you consume regularly, write down the foods you eat and the beverages you drink, plus the calories they have, each day. Check the ...Search and find accurate calorie and nutrition info for over 2 millions foods using MyFitnessPal.A Calorie Counter lets you to search the USDA nutrition database and view the full nutritional content of any food you can think of... for free! But it's so much more than an awesome nutritional search engine. A Calorie Counter is a complete diet tracker and food journal tool that will help you quickly and easily count calories, protein, carbs ...Nutrition (per 1 cup): 104 calories, 0 fat, 15 grams protein Fat-free cottage …Chicken breast is one of the most versatile and nutritious proteins available. It’s low in fat and calories, and high in protein, making it an ideal choice for a healthy meal. With...Asparagus is a nutritious and delicious vegetable that can be enjoyed in a variety of dishes. It’s packed with vitamins and minerals, including vitamin K, folate, and iron. Plus, i...29 Oct 2023 ... Healthy, high-calorie foods · Nuts · Nut butters · Greek yogurt · Eggs · Protein powder · Cottage cheese · Avocado ...Oct 30, 2023 · Takeaway. Your ideal calorie intake depends on things like age and activity level. Most people assigned female at birth need at least 1,600 daily calories to maintain weight, while people assigned ... To determine your daily calorie needs to lose weight, the calculator decreases the number of calories you use each day by 25%, resulting in a new recommended daily calorie intake. Our Forbes ...The Top 10 Best Cat Foods for Weight Loss. Nature’s Variety Instinct Raw Boost Healthy Weight Grain-Free Chicken Recipe. American Journey Turkey & Chicken Recipe Grain-Free Dry Cat Food. Blue Buffalo Indoor Hairball & Weight Control Chicken & Brown Rice Recipe.1. Your cat’s ribs, backbone, and pelvic bones are very easy to see and feel. Their belly is dramatically tucked and, when viewed from above, their waistline looks dramatic. They have lost muscle mass. 2. When you pet your cat, it’s easy to feel their ribs, backbone, and pelvic bones. These bones are also somewhat easy to see.Chicken and rice casseroles are a popular comfort food that can be enjoyed by the entire family. However, many traditional recipes can be high in calories and fat. If you’re lookin...White Rum (40% alc.) Liquors & Spirits. Parrot Bay 90 Proof Coconut Rum (45% alc.) Liquors & Spirits. 100 Proof Spiced Rum (50% alc.) Liquors & Spirits. Find out how many calories are in the foods you eat. CalorieKing provides nutritional food information for calorie counters and people trying to lose weight. Alcohol also contains a significant number of calories. Each gram of alcohol is about 7 calories. 3. Multiply each macronutrient by its caloric equivalent. A gram of protein is estimated to contain about 4 calories. A gram of carbohydrates also has 4, and a gram of fat is worth a whopping 9 calories.Food Serving Calories Serving Calories; Brut Champagne. 100 ml. 82 cal: 1 glass (200 ml) 164 cal: Cabernet Sauvignon . 100 ml. 83 cal: 1 glass, small (100 ml) 83 caleggs. dairy. beans and legumes. nuts. seeds. Protein-rich diets also reduce the drop in metabolism often seen during weight loss by helping your body hold on to its muscle mass ( 2 ). What’s ...

May 29, 2023 · Healthy high-calorie foods include granola, meats, tofu, fish, avocados, milk, beans, sweet potatoes, whole grains, and nuts. In general, the daily value (DV) for calories is 2000 calories per day, but people active with strength training or other exercises may want to consume more. Below is a list of the top 10 high calorie foods ranked by ... . How to drive

calories for food

Dec 21, 2023 · Counting calories can help to maintain a healthy weight, but 100 calories looks very different depending what foods a person eats. For example, 100 calories from foods such as chips, chocolate ... Chicken Caesar Bowl Salad: This salad contains 136 calories; it is generally made by adding roasted chicken breast, shredded Parmesan-style cheese, and caesar dressing to romaine lettuce. Egg Salad Bowl: This salad variety contains 236 calories; it usually calls for mayonnaise and yellow mustard. Hamburger: A burger contains 280 calories. Food Serving Calories Serving Calories; Alligator. 100 g. 97 cal: 1 piece (113 g) 110 cal: Antelope Meat. 100 g. 114 cal: 1 slice, large (340 g) 388 cal: Bacon Rashers. 100 g. 371 cal: 1 portion (45 g) 167 cal: Bacon, cooked. 100 g. 158 cal: 1 slice (6.3 g) 10 cal: Bear Meat. 100 g. ... The calorie content of pork is highly dependent on the amount of fat. Keep in mind …General guide to help you pick and track higher protein foods. Values are based on www.CalorieKing.com averages. Food. Portion Size. Calories. Protein (grams).Nutrition.gov is powered by USDA Science and offers credible information to help you make healthful eating choices. An Introduction to Nutrition.gov. Growing and Using Wild & Cultivated Plants Webinar. Trending Topics. ASCEND for Better Health. A virtual center that brings together scientists, partner organizations, and communities to deliver science …Chicken and rice casseroles are a popular comfort food that can be enjoyed by the entire family. However, many traditional recipes can be high in calories and fat. If you’re lookin...Calorie, Fat & Carbohydrate Counter The most accurate resource for calorie, fat and carbohydrate counts. Take it everywhere; look up foods before you eat, when eating choices count the most! See our books …Home Foods America's trusted food database Find nutrition facts for your favourite …Jan 18, 2023 · Check food labels. Be sure to check the Nutrition Facts panel for the serving size and number of calories per serving. You may find that the small bag of chips you eat with lunch every day, for example, is two servings, not one. This means it's twice the calories you thought. Use a calorie counter. Grains. Choose whole grains, such as whole-wheat bread or pasta, oatmeal, popcorn, quinoa, or brown or wild rice. Dairy. Encourage your child to eat and drink fat-free or low-fat dairy products, such as milk, yogurt and cheese. Fortified soy beverages also count as dairy. Aim to limit your child's calories from: Added sugar.Promotes Good Digestive Health. Fiber has many benefits, including promoting good digestive health, bowel regularity, as well as lowering the risk of diabetes, obesity, and heart disease. With 5.2 grams of fiber in an ounce, whole pumpkin seeds are a nutritious snack that can help increase your daily fiber intake. Allergies.Excess calories from foods and drinks high in free sugars also contribute to unhealthy weight gain, which can lead to overweight and obesity. Recent evidence also shows that free sugars influence blood pressure and serum lipids, and suggests that a reduction in free sugars intake reduces risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (13) .In order to determine the food offering with the highest calorie count on the …Nutrition (per 1 cup): 104 calories, 0 fat, 15 grams protein Fat-free cottage …Air fryers are a great way to make healthy and delicious meals without the added fat and calories of deep-frying. With an air fryer, you can create a variety of tasty dishes that a...We love grilling asparagus, which needs only olive oil (healthy!) and parmesan cheese to …The Dog Food Calculator below can help you estimate the proper serving size for your pet. It’s based upon a study published by the respected Waltham Centre for Pet Nutriton in Leicestershire, England. 1 To use the calculator, you’ll need to know your dog’s ideal weight.This is what you believe your pet should weigh.. You’ll also need to know the …Dec 22, 2023 · Alcohol also contains a significant number of calories. Each gram of alcohol is about 7 calories. 3. Multiply each macronutrient by its caloric equivalent. A gram of protein is estimated to contain about 4 calories. A gram of carbohydrates also has 4, and a gram of fat is worth a whopping 9 calories. Hot sauce is a zero calorie food that you can eat in unlimited amounts without it affecting your weight loss. 6. Coffee and Tea. Calories per serving: 2 calories per cup. Outside of added creamer or milk, coffee and tea count as a zero-calorie food and something that many drink while fasting.The following foods can support weight loss and boost your overall health in a variety of ways. 1. Lean Protein. Lean protein sources like chicken, turkey and grass-fed lean beef help keep you ....

Popular Topics